Home / Beit Midrash / Parashat Bereishit
The Parashah in depth · read Shabbat, October 10

In the Beginning

One verse, five layers: the plain words, Rashi, the Midrash, the Ramban, and the mystical reading of the Zohar and Chassidut.

Why does the Torah begin the way it does — and what does “In the beginning” really mean?
Going deeper, layer by layer
1

The verse

Bereishit 1:1
Bereishit 1:1Direct Source
“In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.”

Seven words in Hebrew. Everything the Torah will teach rests on this one claim: the world has a Creator.

2

Rashi

The classic commentary
Rashi on Bereishit 1:1Classical Interpretation
Rabbi Yitzchak asked: the Torah is a book of commandments — why not begin with the first commandment given to Israel (Shemot 12:2)? Because “He told His people the power of His works, to give them the inheritance of the nations” (Tehillim 111:6).

The world belongs to its Creator, and He gives it to whom He wills. Rashi’s very first comment is about the Land of Israel.

Rashi, second commentClassical Interpretation
Rashi reads the verse grammatically as “In the beginning of God’s creating…” — the verse does not come to teach the order of creation.

Rashi models honesty with the text: first, what the words actually say.

3

The Midrash

The Sages’ teaching
Bereishit Rabbah 1:1Direct Source
Hashem looked into the Torah and created the world — like an architect who builds a palace from his plans.

The Torah is not only a book about the world. It is the blueprint the world was built from.

Bereishit Rabbah 1:10Direct Source
Why does the Torah begin with the letter bet? Just as the bet is closed on three sides and open in front, you may not ask what is above, below, or before — only from the day of creation onward.

The first letter teaches humility: some questions are closed; the open side faces forward, toward life.

4

The Ramban

Philosophy of creation
Ramban on Bereishit 1:1Classical Interpretation
The Ramban explains that Hashem brought everything into being from absolute nothingness — not from any material that existed before.

Creation from nothing means nothing exists on its own. Everything depends on Hashem — then and now.

5

The mystical reading

Targum, Zohar and Chassidut
Jerusalem Targum on Bereishit 1:1Direct Source
The ancient Aramaic translation renders “In the beginning” as “With wisdom.”

Beginning and wisdom are one: the world starts with Divine wisdom — the sefirah Kabbalah calls Chochmah.

Tanya, Sha’ar HaYichud VehaEmunah 1Later Tradition
In the name of the Baal Shem Tov (on Tehillim 119:89): the Divine word that created each thing is still inside it, bringing it into being every moment.

Creation is not a past event. “In the beginning” is happening now.

Putting it together · Our Synthesis

The whole picture

From the peshat to the mystical: the world has a Creator (verse); it belongs to Him (Rashi); it was built from the Torah (Midrash); it exists only through Him (Ramban); and He is creating it right now, with wisdom (Targum and Tanya).

Carry this with you

If the world is being created right now — what is Hashem saying to you through this moment?

This week: This Shabbat, read Bereishit 1 aloud at the table — and ask everyone which day of creation they would want to be.

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